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Pierre ( )〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Broadcast Pronunciation Guide and South Dakota Pronunciations )〕 (Lakota: ''čhúŋkaške''; "fort") is the capital of the state of South Dakota and the county seat of Hughes County.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The population was 13,646 at the 2010 census, making it the second least populous state capital after Montpelier, Vermont. Founded in 1880 on the Missouri River opposite Fort Pierre, Pierre has been the capital since South Dakota gained statehood on November 2, 1889, having been chosen for its location in the geographic center of the state. Fort Pierre itself was named after Pierre Chouteau, Jr., an American fur trader of French origin. Pierre is the principal city of the Pierre Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Hughes and Stanley counties. ==Geography== Pierre is located at (44.367966, −100.336378). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, is land and is water.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt )〕 Pierre lies on rough river bluffs overlooking the Missouri River. It is a few miles away from Lake Oahe, one of the largest man made lakes in the world and a very popular fishing destination. Pierre has a relatively dry, four-season, humid continental climate (Köppen ''Dfa''),〔Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: (Updated American map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. ) Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633–1644, 2007.〕 with long, dry, cold winters, hot summers, and brief spring and autumnal transitions; as with much of the southern half of the state, it lies in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 5.〔()〕 The monthly daily average temperature ranges from in January to , though the diurnal temperature variation is significantly greater during summer than in winter. Snow primarily falls in light amounts, with the snowiest months being February and March, while the average seasonal total is . In addition, there are 20 nights per year with subzero (≤ −18 °C) lows,〔 and cold conditions are often intensified by the high winds of the Great Plains. Summers often see spikes in temperature, with 6.4 days of + highs and 36−37 days of + highs.〔 The beginning of both May and October represent the last and first, respectively, freezing nights of the cooler season.〔 Precipitation is much lighter in the winter months than it is in late spring and summer, and totals about annually. Extremes have ranged from on February 9, 1994 to on July 15, 2006. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pierre, South Dakota」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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